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mercoledì 15 settembre 2010

Saggio adolescenza INGLESE

Adolescence

Adolescence ranges from the age of 14 until 18 or 20 and can be defined as a process of identification with adults. This passage from childhood to adulthood involves personal turmoil.
The adolescents are affected in their developments by several factors:
Moral factors: it means relationship with friends and adults, society and institutions and the acquisition of a value system.
Personal factors: relationship with own body image, emotional and sexual experience.
Gender factors: dimension of their own gender identity.
The adolescents have to experience all these factors but there must be a balance between failure and success to obtain a positive self-image.
When an adolescent feels angry, sad, depressed, rejected or unsatisfied with his body image or because he hasn’t life successes such as in the sport, at school, in friend peers, he can be encourage to look for deviant, even socially unacceptable because transgress experiences.
Boys direct their aggression towards the outside, towards the others and the society. They could have problems such as risky sexual activities without considering HIV and AIDS problems, alienationfrom school, antisocial behaviour and depression. They tend to use marijuana, steroids, illegal drugs such as ecstasy, solvent, chemical, opiates, having several effects: kidney and liver damages, heatstroke, overheating and rupturing of capillaries, genitalia. Alcohol’s abuse depresses certain brain functions. Nicotine effects are for example increase of heart rate and blood pressure, in hormone production, in blood composition, in metabolism, on mood and behaviour.
Girls are more demanding but also self-destructive. Their aggression is turned in on themselves. Many girls spend a lot of time in front of the mirror worrying about their look.
Sometimes this becomes a mania that carries to eating disorders such as:
Anorexia: they maintain normal body weight but are obsessed with calories and dieting. They do not eat and often practice too much sport exercise. This illness usually develops between the ages of 15-25 years. Smoke helps to reduce appetite and this is the reason why girls smoke more than boys.
Nervous Bulimia: They go to extreme lengths, eating too much, taking laxatives or vomiting.
Binge eating: similar to bulimia, they eat too much but they can’t vomit.

The media, and TV in particular, play a significant role in eating disorders. They give an ideal body image: tall, thin and fashionable. With spots they increase in the adolescents the idea that the beauty is essential in life. Boys must be toll and muscular, girls must be thin and sexy. For these reasons it’s important to control the messages propagated by the media.
Parents also contribute to increase the insecurity of the adolescence. They often make unkind comments to the look. The teachers also judge nicer students more competent than unattractive one. If the adults would be kinder giving compliments instead of criticism and derision, adolescents could have more self-esteem and a better honest life.
Early recognition and Talking therapies are always the best ways to help the adolescent

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